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:: دوره 10، شماره 35 - ( 7-1402 ) ::
جلد 10 شماره 35 صفحات 210-187 برگشت به فهرست نسخه ها
نسبت حکمرانی تنظیمی و تحول اداره عمومی در فرانسه؛ حرکت از نظم دولت محور به سوی تکثرگراییِ ساختارمند
سیدعلی موسوی* ، محمد مظهری ، آیت مولائی ، سیدحسین ملکوتی هشجین
چکیده:   (744 مشاهده)
حکمرانی جدید از طریق حکمرانی تنظیمی، تقلیلِ مداخله‌ی مستقیم دولت و بازتعریف نقش آن در بخش عمومی را دنبال می‌کند و اداره عمومی سنتی جهت انطباق با شرایط جدید، ناگزیر از انجام اصلاحات است؛ در همین راستا، هدف تحقیق، کشف عناصر تحول اداره عمومیِ فرانسه، و واکاویِ نسبت آن‌ها با حکمرانی تنظیمی می‌باشد. لذا با استفاده از شیوه کتابخانه‌ای و روش توصیفی- تحلیلی، عوامل گوناگون تحول اداره عمومی و زمینه‌های عملیِ تحقق حکمرانی تنظیمی در فرانسه مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. بر اساس یافته‌های تحقیق، چهار ابزار نوین تحول اداره عمومی فرانسه عبارتند از: 1. اصلاحات بودجه‌ای، 2. ساده‌سازی، 3. قراردادگرایی، و 4. آثار ناشی از حکمرانی چندسطحی در تعامل با اتحادیه اروپا، که در پیوندی متقابل با حکمرانی تنظیمی قرار داشته و نمودهای عینیِ آن‌ها، در افزایش مشارکت‌پذیری، توسعه‌ی حقوق انعطاف‌پذیر و انعطاف پذیریِ ساختار حقوقی، متبلور می‌گردد. در مقام نتیجه‌گیری به نظر می‌رسد، دولت فرانسه در مسیر انطباق با مقتضیات ناشی از حکمرانی جدید، با بهره برداری از ابزارهای اداره عمومی نوین و مؤلفه‌های حکمرانی تنظیمی، به سوی دولت تنظیم گر با برداشتی همسو با سنت اداریِ خویش، در حرکت است.
 
واژه‌های کلیدی: انعطاف‌پذیری، حکمرانی چندسطحی، ساده‌سازی، قراردادگرایی، مشارکت
متن کامل [PDF 355 kb]   (171 دریافت)    
نوع مطالعه: پژوهشي | موضوع مقاله: تخصصي
فهرست منابع
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18. Chevalier, Jacques (2006), "Changing European States, Changing Public Administration: Public Administration In Statist France", in: Eric E. Otenyo and Nancy S. Lind (eds), Comparative Public Administration: The Essential Readings, First edition, Elsevier, pp. 741-758. [DOI:10.1016/S0732-1317(06)15034-4]
19. Custos, Dominique (2010), "Independent administrative authorities in France: Structural and procedural change at the intersection of Americanization, Europeanization and Gallicization", in: Susan Rose-Ackerman and Peter L. Lindseth (eds), Comparative Administrative Law, Edward Elgar, pp. 277-292. [DOI:10.4337/9781849808101.00026]
20. Gopalan, Sandeep (2008), "A Demandeur centric approach to regime design in transnational commercial law", Georgetown Journal of International Law, Vol. 39, pp. 325-345.
21. Hardiman, Niamh (2012), "Governance and state structures", in: David Levi-Faur (ed), The Oxford Handbook of Governance, First published, Oxford University Press, pp. 230-241. [DOI:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199560530.013.0016]
22. Levy, J (2005), "Economic policy and policy-making", in: Cole, Le Gales and Levy (eds), Developments in French Politics 3, Basingstoke: Palgrave, pp. 94-170.
23. Lynn Laurence, E. JR (2012), "The many faces of governance: Adaptation? Transformation? Both? Neither?", in: David Levi-Faur (ed), The Oxford Handbook of Governance, First published, Oxford University Press, pp. 70-85. [DOI:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199560530.013.0004]
24. Orange, Gerald (2006), "French Territorial Administration and Changes in Public Management", in: Vincent Hoffmann and Hellmut Wollmann (eds), State and Local Government Reforms in France and Germany, vs verlag, pp. 110-124. [DOI:10.1007/978-3-531-90271-5_6]
25. Painter, Martin and Guy Peters, B (2010), "Administrative Traditions in Comparative Perspective: Families, Groups and Hybrids", in: Martin Painter and B. Guy Peters (eds), Tradition and Public Administration, First edition, Palgrave macmillan, pp. 19-30. [DOI:10.1057/9780230289635_2]
26. Pierre, Jon (2012), "Governance and institutional flexibility", in: David Levi-Faur (ed), The Oxford Handbook of Governance, First published, Oxford University Press, pp. 192-204. [DOI:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199560530.013.0013]
27. Reiss, Dorit. R (2010), "Administrative agencies as creators of administrative law norms: evidence from the UK, France and Sweden", in: Susan Rose-Ackerman and Peter L. Lindseth (eds), Comparative Administrative Law, Edward Elgar, pp. 373-386.
28. Yeung, Karen (2010), "The regulatory state", in: Robert Baldwin, Martin Cave and Martin Lodge (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Regulation, UK: Oxford University Press, pp. 65-87. [DOI:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199560219.003.0004] [PMID] [PMCID]
29. Bureau, D and Mougeot, M (2007), incitations et gestion publique, Paris: Documentation francaise.
30. Eyraud, C (2013), Le capitalism au Coeur de l'Etat: comptabilite privee et action publique, Bellecombe-en-Bauges: Editions du Croquant.
31. Lacasse, F and Verrier, P.-E (dir) (2005), 30 ans de reforme de l'Etat: experiences francaises et etrangeres: strategies et bilans, Paris: Dunod.
32. B) Articles
33. Bezes, p (2005), "Le modele de l'Etat-stratege: genese d'une forme organisationnelle danc l'administration francaise", Sociologie du Travail, Vol, No. 4, pp. 431-450. https://doi.org/10.4000/sdt.26940 [DOI:10.1016/j.soctra.2005.10.001]
35. Guettier, C (2006), "Les agences administratives en France", Les Cabiers de la Fonction Publique et de l'Administration, No. 351, pp. 3-10.
36. Melink, E and Guillemot, D (2010), "Vers une convergence du management public-prive? Une revue de literature economique", Revue francaise d'economie, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 167-225. https://doi.org/10.3406/rfeco.2010.1808 [DOI:10.3917/rfe.102.0167]
38. Nosbonne, C (2013), "Le tournant managerial dans le secteur public europeen: quells consequences sur l'action publique?", La nouvelle revue du travail, No. 2, en ligne: https://nrt.revues.org/962. [DOI:10.4000/nrt.962]
39. Peyrin, A (2019), "Recompositions de l'emploi public et crise du modele statutaire: le cas de la function publique d'Etat en France", A.-M Arborio, P. Bouffartigue and A. Lamanthe (dir), Crise(s) et mondes du travail, Toulouse: Octares, halshs-02147857, pp.1-12.
40. Richter, L (2004), "La Contractualisation comme technique de gestion des affaires publiques", Administration et Education, No. 4, pp. 6-21.
41. Barnard, Catherine (2004), The Substantive Law of the EU: The four freedoms, Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
42. Buendia Sierra, Jose Luis (2000), Exclusive Rights and State Monopolies under EC Law: Article 86 (formerly Article 90) of the EC Treaty, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
43. Cole, Alistair (2008), Governing and Governance in France, Cambridge University Press. [DOI:10.1017/CBO9780511756139]
44. Jones, G. W (2003), The Effects of the 1989-1997 Administrative Reforms on the Ministerial Field Services, Southampton Institute/Nottingham Trent University.
45. Knill, C (2001), The Europeanization of National Administrations: Patterns of Institutional Change and Persistence, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. [DOI:10.1017/CBO9780511491986]
46. Machin, H (1976), The Prefect in the French Administration, London: Croom Helm.
47. OECD (2004), France: Charting a Clear Way Forward, OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform, OECD publications.
48. OECD (2010), Better Regulation in Europe: France, OECD publications.
49. Page, E (1991), Localism and Centralism in Europe, Oxford: Oxford University Press. [DOI:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198277279.001.0001]
50. Sharpe, L. J (1993), The Rise of Meso Government in Europe, London: Sage.
51. Shelton, Dinah (2008), Soft Law, The George Washington University Law School, Public and Legal Theory Work Paper, No. 322.
52. Bezes, Philippe (2010), "Path-Dependent and Path-Breaking Changes in the French Administrative System: The Weight of Legacy Explanations", in: Martin Painter and B. Guy Peters (eds), Tradition and Public Administration, First edition, Palgrave macmillan, pp. 158-173. [DOI:10.1057/9780230289635_12]
53. Chevalier, Jacques (2006), "Changing European States, Changing Public Administration: Public Administration In Statist France", in: Eric E. Otenyo and Nancy S. Lind (eds), Comparative Public Administration: The Essential Readings, First edition, Elsevier, pp. 741-758. [DOI:10.1016/S0732-1317(06)15034-4]
54. Custos, Dominique (2010), "Independent administrative authorities in France: Structural and procedural change at the intersection of Americanization, Europeanization and Gallicization", in: Susan Rose-Ackerman and Peter L. Lindseth (eds), Comparative Administrative Law, Edward Elgar, pp. 277-292. [DOI:10.4337/9781849808101.00026]
55. Gopalan, Sandeep (2008), "A Demandeur centric approach to regime design in transnational commercial law", Georgetown Journal of International Law, Vol. 39, pp. 325-345.
56. Hardiman, Niamh (2012), "Governance and state structures", in: David Levi-Faur (ed), The Oxford Handbook of Governance, First published, Oxford University Press, pp. 230-241. [DOI:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199560530.013.0016]
57. Levy, J (2005), "Economic policy and policy-making", in: Cole, Le Gales and Levy (eds), Developments in French Politics 3, Basingstoke: Palgrave, pp. 94-170.
58. Lynn Laurence, E. JR (2012), "The many faces of governance: Adaptation? Transformation? Both? Neither?", in: David Levi-Faur (ed), The Oxford Handbook of Governance, First published, Oxford University Press, pp. 70-85. [DOI:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199560530.013.0004]
59. Orange, Gerald (2006), "French Territorial Administration and Changes in Public Management", in: Vincent Hoffmann and Hellmut Wollmann (eds), State and Local Government Reforms in France and Germany, vs verlag, pp. 110-124. [DOI:10.1007/978-3-531-90271-5_6]
60. Painter, Martin and Guy Peters, B (2010), "Administrative Traditions in Comparative Perspective: Families, Groups and Hybrids", in: Martin Painter and B. Guy Peters (eds), Tradition and Public Administration, First edition, Palgrave macmillan, pp. 19-30. [DOI:10.1057/9780230289635_2]
61. Pierre, Jon (2012), "Governance and institutional flexibility", in: David Levi-Faur (ed), The Oxford Handbook of Governance, First published, Oxford University Press, pp. 192-204. [DOI:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199560530.013.0013]
62. Reiss, Dorit. R (2010), "Administrative agencies as creators of administrative law norms: evidence from the UK, France and Sweden", in: Susan Rose-Ackerman and Peter L. Lindseth (eds), Comparative Administrative Law, Edward Elgar, pp. 373-386.
63. Yeung, Karen (2010), "The regulatory state", in: Robert Baldwin, Martin Cave and Martin Lodge (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Regulation, UK: Oxford University Press, pp. 65-87. [DOI:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199560219.003.0004] [PMID] [PMCID]
64. Bureau, D and Mougeot, M (2007), incitations et gestion publique, Paris: Documentation francaise.
65. Eyraud, C (2013), Le capitalism au Coeur de l'Etat: comptabilite privee et action publique, Bellecombe-en-Bauges: Editions du Croquant.
66. Lacasse, F and Verrier, P.-E (dir) (2005), 30 ans de reforme de l'Etat: experiences francaises et etrangeres: strategies et bilans, Paris: Dunod.
67. B) Articles
68. Bezes, p (2005), "Le modele de l'Etat-stratege: genese d'une forme organisationnelle danc l'administration francaise", Sociologie du Travail, Vol, No. 4, pp. 431-450. https://doi.org/10.4000/sdt.26940 [DOI:10.1016/j.soctra.2005.10.001]
70. Guettier, C (2006), "Les agences administratives en France", Les Cabiers de la Fonction Publique et de l'Administration, No. 351, pp. 3-10.
71. Melink, E and Guillemot, D (2010), "Vers une convergence du management public-prive? Une revue de literature economique", Revue francaise d'economie, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 167-225. https://doi.org/10.3406/rfeco.2010.1808 [DOI:10.3917/rfe.102.0167]
73. Nosbonne, C (2013), "Le tournant managerial dans le secteur public europeen: quells consequences sur l'action publique?", La nouvelle revue du travail, No. 2, en ligne: https://nrt.revues.org/962. [DOI:10.4000/nrt.962]
74. Peyrin, A (2019), "Recompositions de l'emploi public et crise du modele statutaire: le cas de la function publique d'Etat en France", A.-M Arborio, P. Bouffartigue and A. Lamanthe (dir), Crise(s) et mondes du travail, Toulouse: Octares, halshs-02147857, pp.1-12.
75. Richter, L (2004), "La Contractualisation comme technique de gestion des affaires publiques", Administration et Education, No. 4, pp. 6-21.
76. Barnard, Catherine (2004), The Substantive Law of the EU: The four freedoms, Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
77. Buendia Sierra, Jose Luis (2000), Exclusive Rights and State Monopolies under EC Law: Article 86 (formerly Article 90) of the EC Treaty, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
78. Cole, Alistair (2008), Governing and Governance in France, Cambridge University Press. [DOI:10.1017/CBO9780511756139]
79. Jones, G. W (2003), The Effects of the 1989-1997 Administrative Reforms on the Ministerial Field Services, Southampton Institute/Nottingham Trent University.
80. Knill, C (2001), The Europeanization of National Administrations: Patterns of Institutional Change and Persistence, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. [DOI:10.1017/CBO9780511491986]
81. Machin, H (1976), The Prefect in the French Administration, London: Croom Helm.
82. OECD (2004), France: Charting a Clear Way Forward, OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform, OECD publications.
83. OECD (2010), Better Regulation in Europe: France, OECD publications.
84. Page, E (1991), Localism and Centralism in Europe, Oxford: Oxford University Press. [DOI:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198277279.001.0001]
85. Sharpe, L. J (1993), The Rise of Meso Government in Europe, London: Sage.
86. Shelton, Dinah (2008), Soft Law, The George Washington University Law School, Public and Legal Theory Work Paper, No. 322.
87. Bezes, Philippe (2010), "Path-Dependent and Path-Breaking Changes in the French Administrative System: The Weight of Legacy Explanations", in: Martin Painter and B. Guy Peters (eds), Tradition and Public Administration, First edition, Palgrave macmillan, pp. 158-173. [DOI:10.1057/9780230289635_12]
88. Chevalier, Jacques (2006), "Changing European States, Changing Public Administration: Public Administration In Statist France", in: Eric E. Otenyo and Nancy S. Lind (eds), Comparative Public Administration: The Essential Readings, First edition, Elsevier, pp. 741-758. [DOI:10.1016/S0732-1317(06)15034-4]
89. Custos, Dominique (2010), "Independent administrative authorities in France: Structural and procedural change at the intersection of Americanization, Europeanization and Gallicization", in: Susan Rose-Ackerman and Peter L. Lindseth (eds), Comparative Administrative Law, Edward Elgar, pp. 277-292. [DOI:10.4337/9781849808101.00026]
90. Gopalan, Sandeep (2008), "A Demandeur centric approach to regime design in transnational commercial law", Georgetown Journal of International Law, Vol. 39, pp. 325-345.
91. Hardiman, Niamh (2012), "Governance and state structures", in: David Levi-Faur (ed), The Oxford Handbook of Governance, First published, Oxford University Press, pp. 230-241. [DOI:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199560530.013.0016]
92. Levy, J (2005), "Economic policy and policy-making", in: Cole, Le Gales and Levy (eds), Developments in French Politics 3, Basingstoke: Palgrave, pp. 94-170.
93. Lynn Laurence, E. JR (2012), "The many faces of governance: Adaptation? Transformation? Both? Neither?", in: David Levi-Faur (ed), The Oxford Handbook of Governance, First published, Oxford University Press, pp. 70-85. [DOI:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199560530.013.0004]
94. Orange, Gerald (2006), "French Territorial Administration and Changes in Public Management", in: Vincent Hoffmann and Hellmut Wollmann (eds), State and Local Government Reforms in France and Germany, vs verlag, pp. 110-124. [DOI:10.1007/978-3-531-90271-5_6]
95. Painter, Martin and Guy Peters, B (2010), "Administrative Traditions in Comparative Perspective: Families, Groups and Hybrids", in: Martin Painter and B. Guy Peters (eds), Tradition and Public Administration, First edition, Palgrave macmillan, pp. 19-30. [DOI:10.1057/9780230289635_2]
96. Pierre, Jon (2012), "Governance and institutional flexibility", in: David Levi-Faur (ed), The Oxford Handbook of Governance, First published, Oxford University Press, pp. 192-204. [DOI:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199560530.013.0013]
97. Reiss, Dorit. R (2010), "Administrative agencies as creators of administrative law norms: evidence from the UK, France and Sweden", in: Susan Rose-Ackerman and Peter L. Lindseth (eds), Comparative Administrative Law, Edward Elgar, pp. 373-386.
98. Yeung, Karen (2010), "The regulatory state", in: Robert Baldwin, Martin Cave and Martin Lodge (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Regulation, UK: Oxford University Press, pp. 65-87. [DOI:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199560219.003.0004] [PMID] [PMCID]
99. Bureau, D and Mougeot, M (2007), incitations et gestion publique, Paris: Documentation francaise.
100. Eyraud, C (2013), Le capitalism au Coeur de l'Etat: comptabilite privee et action publique, Bellecombe-en-Bauges: Editions du Croquant.
101. Lacasse, F and Verrier, P.-E (dir) (2005), 30 ans de reforme de l'Etat: experiences francaises et etrangeres: strategies et bilans, Paris: Dunod.
102. B) Articles
103. Bezes, p (2005), "Le modele de l'Etat-stratege: genese d'une forme organisationnelle danc l'administration francaise", Sociologie du Travail, Vol, No. 4, pp. 431-450. https://doi.org/10.4000/sdt.26940 [DOI:10.1016/j.soctra.2005.10.001]
104. Guettier, C (2006), "Les agences administratives en France", Les Cabiers de la Fonction Publique et de l'Administration, No. 351, pp. 3-10.
105. Melink, E and Guillemot, D (2010), "Vers une convergence du management public-prive? Une revue de literature economique", Revue francaise d'economie, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 167-225. https://doi.org/10.3406/rfeco.2010.1808 [DOI:10.3917/rfe.102.0167]
106. Nosbonne, C (2013), "Le tournant managerial dans le secteur public europeen: quells consequences sur l'action publique?", La nouvelle revue du travail, No. 2, en ligne: https://nrt.revues.org/962. [DOI:10.4000/nrt.962]
107. Peyrin, A (2019), "Recompositions de l'emploi public et crise du modele statutaire: le cas de la function publique d'Etat en France", A.-M Arborio, P. Bouffartigue and A. Lamanthe (dir), Crise(s) et mondes du travail, Toulouse: Octares, halshs-02147857, pp.1-12.
108. Richter, L (2004), "La Contractualisation comme technique de gestion des affaires publiques", Administration et Education, No. 4, pp. 6-21.
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mousavi S A, mazhari M, moulayee A, malakooti hashjeen S H. The Ratio of Regulatory Governance and Evolution of Public Administration in France; Moving from State-centered order to Structured Pluralism. qjal 2023; 10 (35) :187-210
URL: http://qjal.smtc.ac.ir/article-1-1193-fa.html

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URL: http://qjal.smtc.ac.ir/article-1-1193-fa.html



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دوره 10، شماره 35 - ( 7-1402 ) برگشت به فهرست نسخه ها
فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی حقوق اداری Administrative Law
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